Yearly Archives: 2018

Abstract:

A rapid, sensitive and accuracy method was developed for detection of rhodium in wastewater samples. The recovery test indicate that 343.489 nm is the proper wavelenghts for Rh determination.

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Abstract:

The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method capable to determine mercaptans in air at low concentrations, lower than the ones that produce an
olfactory discomfort. A reliable, rapid, and simple high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the determination of mercaptans, a sulphur compounds class. The developed method can be successfully
applied to the quantitative determination of four compounds (Methyl mercaptan, Butyl mercaptan, Ethyl mercaptan and Propyl mercaptan).

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Abstract:

In the European Union, the regulation in the sector of emissions into the atmosphere from industrial plants did not evolve homogeneously. As demonstrated in this article, the sector of waste to energy plants has shown important improvements in the latest 20 years, whilst other industrial plants were subject to less stringent regulations. As consequence, the human exposure resulting from industrial plant authorisations depend on the plant to be authorised. Examples of consequent inequalities and related criticalities concern both macro and micro-pollutants. The present article concerns a category of micro-pollutants: heavy metals emissions into the atmosphere. The sector of thermo-chemical treatment of waste is presently analysed in details in the University of Insubria in the frame of a research in progress. The present article refers to some aspects emerged in that research and integrates them by a preliminary analysis of the underestimated criticalities of other industrial sectors. In both cases, the core of the problem is the demonstrable excessive simplification of the control of heavy metals emissions. Large industrial plants are controlled through an approach that does not exploit in details the available information of toxic effects of each heavy metal. Small industrial plants can be subject to simple authorisations with no analysis of the local impact of their emissions. In both cases, secondary and diffused emissions can have an impact higher than the conveyed ones, as discussed in this article. A methodology of control that integrates the present regulation, avoiding under-estimated human exposures to heavy metals is mandatory.

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Abstract:

In the 21 st century the world faces ecological problems due to the industrialization. One of these issues may be intensive agriculture. The next study reflects the attempt
to use a natural means compounds in organic farming. Considering the antibacterial capacity of the coloidal silver solutions was born the idea of using it in organic
farming for medical plants development.
Over the course of several years, the observations made have favored the balance to lower concentrations of colloidal silver water solutions.
During this study was observed that the plants were more healthy and the production and the quality of the fruits was also modiffyed. The plant specie of Momordica charantia L. was chosen for its high interest in its
effects. The fruit being used in alternative medicine, also being called „natural insulin”. The seeds used in the experiment were organic certified and were obtained
from already acclimatized plants. The experiment unfolding in partially protected environment on an area of about 400 square meters. This paper highlights the effects of seeds treatament and watering treatment with 3
different concentations (5 ppm, 15 ppm and 30 ppm) of colloidal silver watter solutions on the development of Momordica charantia L. plants. It is worth mentioning that in previous studies these concentrations attracted the most attention. The most favorable results could be seen in plants treated with colloidal silver solution at the higher concentrations.The Momordica charantia L. plants being obtained by using organic farming method, this study can reflect an inovative method of organic fertilization.

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Abstract:

The filtration efficiency of organic contaminants like triazine herbicides class (simazine, atrazine and propazine) has been tested using more types of filter
membranes (PTFE, glass, cellulose acetate, regenerated cellulose) from synthetic solutions with variable content of organic modifiers (acetonitrile and methanol).
Thus, 2 mL of synthetic solutions (10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% methanol and respectively acetonitrile) were filtered on each of the membrane filters. Simazine pesticide responds very well on PTFE, glass and regenerated cellulose filter membrane when the organic modifiers was acetonitrile. An excellent recovery was obtained when filtering simazine with 25% ACN on PTFE, glass and regenerated cellulose. In case of atrazine was observed a good recovery on the four filters when the solution contained 100% acetonitrile and 75% methanol. The propazine has an efficient filtration on all four membranes, on hydrophobic and hydrophilic
membranes, contrary to theoretical prediction. For the samples prepared in 100% organic solvent (methanol), PTFE filters provided excellent recovery (>95%) for all
three pesticides (simazine, atrazine and propazine). The study is useful in the filtration stage of organic extracts resulting from processing of environmental
samples (water / soil).

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Abstract:

Composite materials obtaining, based on wastes mixing, can have both, economical and social positive impact, and also the use of such composites materials leads to a level of environmental pollution reduction, generally, and in the level of noise pollution, particulary. This aim of this study is essential for the future development of such materials because, the results will give us informations regarding the formulation of oxide and polymeric composite materials, by associating the components and leads us to superior properties products, having the property to
absorb sound waves. In this paper we characterize a number of wastes that are resulting from industrial technological processes. The wastes are characterized by granulometry, oxide composition and apparent porosity that are specific properties for obtaining composite materials with sound-absorbing properties.

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Abstract:

Composite materials obtaining, based on wastes mixing, can have both, economical and social positive impact, and also the use of such composites materials leads to a level of environmental pollution reduction, generally, and in the level of noise pollution, particulary. This aim of this study is essential for the future development of such materials because, the results will give us informations regarding the formulation of oxide and polymeric composite materials, by associating the components and leads us to superior properties products, having the property to
absorb sound waves. In this paper we characterize a number of wastes that are resulting from industrial technological processes. The wastes are characterized by granulometry, oxide composition and apparent porosity that are specific properties for obtaining composite materials with sound-absorbing properties.

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Abstract:

As is known all forms of life depend on water. Water is a vital part of many metabolic processes inside the body. By increasing the world population, increasing global pollution and global warming, fewer people benefit from water. This problem can be solved by increasing water production, better distribution and disruption
existing resources. For this reason, water is a strategic resource for many countries.
Regarding to this, is important to protect the water resources from the action of pollutants and to monitor the quality of the water already existing. Wastewater is composed of different proportions of residual water from domestic or industrial
origin and rainwater. To evaluate the quality of wastewater various parameters are available but for common people it is difficult to understand the meaning of this values. The concept of Water Quality Index (WQI) has been developed by
representing it as numeric value for easy and quick understanding of quality of the water. This study aimed to assess the wastewater quality of 8 sampling stations in Valcea County. The data were collected over a five years’ period (2013-2017) from each sampling point and the physical-chemical parameters were analysed to evaluate
the variations registered in the study period.

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Abstract:

Surfactants are substances that reduce surface tension and they are worldwide used
in all branches of industry such as householder products, cosmeticals, pharmaceuticals, petroleum.
The large utilization of surfactants is reflected in their accumulation in the domestic and industrial wastewaters and subsequently into the waste waster treatment plants (WWTP) and the environment. Once in the environment, the surfactants could harm
it by inducing important changes in water quality which could directly affect the human life.
This paper is a monitoring study of anionic and nonionic surfactants from domestic wastewaters during three seasons (winter 2018, spring 2018 and summer 2018). The samples were taken from specific sampling points along Romanian counties: Ilfov,
Prahova, Giurgiu, Dambovita and Braila.
The results showed that the concentration of the surfactants varied between 0.85 mg/L and 6.73 mg/L for anionic surfactants and 0.81 mg/L up to 6.48 mg/L for nonionic surfactants related to the accepted value of surfactants concentration (as sum of anionic and nonionic) of 25 mg/L (Romanian legislation, HG 352/2005, NTPA 002 and Annex 2/2005). Moreover, the study revealed that the highest concentration of both anionic and nonionic surfactants were detected in Dambovita County during summer.

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Abstract:

The paper presents the preliminary results obtained in a study aimed to assess the level of air pollution with heavy metals in urban areas by means of using bioindicators. The tests were carried out in one of the most polluted cities in western Romania, using as bio-indicators corticolous lichens collected from seven representative sites for air quality in the city. The assessment level of air pollution with heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, Mn, Zn, Cr) was based on the effect that their presence could induce on lichens. Thus, two methods were used for the quantification of the effect such as: a) IAP method, variation in diversity and abundance – calculation of the value of Index of Atmospheric Purity, IAP and b) determining the content of heavy metals in the lichen thalli, respectively.
Classification of air quality from the seven sampling sites in pollution classes (low pollution, moderate pollution, high pollution and very high pollution) was based on the statistical tests for correlation between the metal concentration in the air and the specific parameters for the two evaluation methods (the IAP index value for the first method and the metals concentration in the lichen thalli for the second method). The tests results revealed a differentiated air quality in the seven sites, also indicating the
method of biomonitoring with corticolous lichens as a viable option for assessing the air quality in polluted areas with heavy metals.

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Abstract:

The paper compares the results obtained by applying three calculation methodologies for the height of the chimney of a hazardous waste installation. Thermal waste treatment processes are a feasible option after recovery (collection,
sorting, recycling) and prior to controlled disposal.
Monitoring data at a hazardous waste incineration plant made it possible to calculate three heights of the incinerator emission network.
The incineration plant is thus operated in such a way that the emissions of the harmful substances of the chimney are in conformity with the VLE values transposed into the national legislation by Law no. 278/2013 regarding industrial emissions, Annex 6.
Three methodologies are used to determine the height of the chimney: according to the Technical Instructions for Air Quality Control – “TA Luft”, according to “Arrêté
du 25/01/91 relatif aux incinération de résidus urbains” and according to “RS 814.318.” 142.1 Ordonnance sur la l’air (Opair) “.

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