16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0062
ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF AMBIENT AIR IN THE BORDER REGION BULGARIA ROMANIA

Pollution assessment and management systems, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Margarita Filipova, Ivanka Zheleva, Petar Rusev, Antoaneta Stefanova, Irina Tcvetanova
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Air pollution
Pollutants
Monitoring system
Abstract:
Air pollution has a significant impact on human health, environment and economy. Air pollution
comes from a variety of sources including the industry, transport and agriculture. Every day, air
pollution causes respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The pollution causes damages of ragile
ecosystems and biodiversity. It also reduces the yield of crops and commercial forest yields.
Therefore, it is vital to take action both at home and together with other countries – across borders
and sectors.
Air pollution by sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ammonia, non-methane volatile organic
compounds and particulate matter create the most serious problems for human health and they
are the main reason for the deterioration of ecosystems. These air pollutants in the border area
Bulgaria – Rumania are presented and analyzed in the present paper.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0018
IMPROVED METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF ANIONS PRESENT IN AQUEOUS SAMPLES BY ION-CHROMATOGRAPHY

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Florentina Laura Chiriac, Toma Galaon, Liliana Cruceru
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Acetate
Formate
Chromate
Inorganic anions
Ion chromatography
Abstract:
In order to protect the environment there have been developed various methods allowing
determination of different pollutants in several environmental matrices (wastewater, surface
water, drinking water). Many of the methods used so far have proved to be insufficiently
sensitive, selective and accurate or time consuming. Recently much attention has been paid
to ion chromatography, which seems to be one of the most promising method. A direct ion
chromatographic method of measuring common inorganic anions, such as fluoride, chloride,
nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate and sulphate was modified and expanded to include
measurement of three new components, listed by eluting order: acetate, formate and
chromate. In this method, samples were injected using a large-volume direct injection
technique, the analyte anions were separated on a carbonate based anion-exchange column
using isocratic carbonate/bicarbonate eluents and suppressed conductivity detection method.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0063
LIMITATIONS IN EVALUATING WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS CARBONFOOTPRINT

Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016, Sustainable environmental technologies simiecoind

Authors:
Elena Elisabeta Manea, Diana Robescu, Elena Presura
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Carbon
Footprint
Wastewater
Abstract:
A wastewater treatment plant’s carbon footprint is represented by the amounts associated with collection,
treatment and final disposal of treated wastewater and sludge. The importance of evaluating the carbon
footprint in wastewater treatment facilities consists in the fact that it’s reduction is directly related to energy
efficiency measures and plant operation improvements. Considering the fact that, at a national scale,
there is a lack in methodologies and solutions for evaluating wastewater treatment plants’ carbon footprint,
the main international methodologies and tools were studied and the paper presents the main parameters
that have to be taken into account during evaluations, as well as the weak and strong points in the studied
methodologies.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0037
ECO-TECHNOLOGIES FOR OBTAINING AMINOACID BASED SURFACTANTS

Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016, Sustainable environmental technologies simiecoind

Authors:
Irina Elena Chican, Dana Simona Varasteanu , Loti Cornelia Oproiu, Sanda Maria
Doncea
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Bio-based surfactants
Amino acids
Eco-technologies
Abstract:
Two surfactants with one hydrophilic head group (lauroyl hydroxyproline and palmitoyl
hydroxyproline) and a bolaamphiphilic surfactant, with two hydrophilic head groups (1,12-
dodecanedioyl diglycylglycine) were synthesized using a method with reduced environmental
impact. The high conversions in useful product were sustained by FTIR analysis. It was
evaluated the surface activity of aqueous solutions of surfactants’ sodium salts and it was
demonstrated a significant reduction in the surface tension compared to distilled water.
Synthesized surfactants can be a viable alternative for the petrochemical products.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0057
RESEARCH WORKS ON TREATMENT OF ASH GENERATED BY INCINERATORS INORDER TO DIMINISH THEIR POLLUTION POTENTIAL

Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016, Sustainable environmental technologies simiecoind

Authors:
Mirela Alina Constantin, Gheorghe Batrinescu, Ionut Cristea, Valeriu Robert Badescu
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Bottom ash
Filter ash
Medical waste
Waste treatment
Abstract:
Waste represents one of the most important topics in the field of environmental protection due to induced
pollution on all environmental media (water, air and soil). From the three known categories of waste (inert,
non-hazardous, and hazardous), the last one rises serious issues from the point of view of technical and
financial management. A special category of hazardous waste according to national regulations is
represented by medical waste that cannot be disposed without adequate treatment. Experimental results
obtained on treatment of bottom and filter ashes resulted from incineration of medical waste are presented.
Chemical analysis of waste samples and corresponding leachates has revealed that values of many
indicators exceed maximum admissible values for storage on hazardous waste deposits. Two variants of
technological flows were developed for treatment of bottom and filter ash waste: washing under mixing
with acid solution followed by filtration of obtained mixtures and incorporation of waste in “concrete” type
matrices through mixing with sand and cement. These two technological flows variants had as final result
waste types for which leaching indicators values were situated below the legal norms for storage on nonhazardous waste deposits.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0056
TOTAL IRON DETERMINATION IN DRINKING WATER USING STRIPPING VOLTAMETRYTECHNIQUE

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Valeriu Robert Badescu, Andrei Niculae
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Stripping voltammetry
Iron speciation
HMDE
Abstract:
The paper describes the development and optimization of an analytical technique based on
stripping voltammetry for iron determination in drinking water. The method is based on AdSV
technique and HMDE electrode. Along with the complexing agent, the catechol, a pH buffering
phosphate solution (pH 7) is added. The reference electrode is Ag/AgCl/KCl. The principle of the
method is the following: iron complexation by the catechol, adsorption of the complex on the drop
of the electrode followed by the stripping stage and practical resolubilization of the complex. Two
concentration ranges were tested: from 10 to 50µg/L and between 25 and 150µg/L. After
calibration curves were plotted, real drinking water samples enriched with iron standard solution
were analysed.
Laboratory test results indicate a very good recovery rate for the analytical trials performed
(100.44%, 104.07%, 103.49%). However, the average value of the recovery rate following all
aditions and replicates – the precision grade is 102.66%. The correlation factor between the two
curves was 0.9936 for the interval of 10- 50µg/l and 0.9989 for the interval of 25-150µg/L. The
optimised method can be easily applied in case of drinking water resources both surface and
underground water.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0042
CHANGING OF VEGETATION ON GREEN ROOF

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Zuzana Poórová, Zuzana Vranayová
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Change in time
Different sedum type
Green roof
Abstract:
There is something very idealistic about the odea of putting a garden on your roof.This article
is about putting a green roof on even something more funnier, the dog house. The act of
greenering part of nature in past, building in present is very popular these days. The idea of
this article is to show the change of vegetation used on green roof of the doghouse. The article
also presents weathes conditions during theperiod of the observation.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0050
TOWARDS MINING THE MINE WATER – RECOVERY OF ALUMINIUM AND MANGANESE

Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016, Sustainable environmental technologies simiecoind

Authors:
Laurentiu Razvan Dinu, Ioan Balaiu , Ionut Cristea, Viorel Ion Patroescu, Cristiana Cosma,
Lucian Alexandru Constantin, Valeriu R. Badescu, Mihaela Alexie
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Aluminium
Manganese
Mine water
Recovery
Abstract:
Mine water or rock drainage is a source of pollution for Romanian as well as for mining sites all around the
world. Rock drainage is generated as a result of the weathering of the sulphidic minerals from which metal
ions are leached. The metal ions are the main polluting species existing in the mine water, but may also
be seen as a resource that is wasted. However, the recovery is seldom applied, as it is not feasible due to
complex chemical matrix. Some types of mine water are more appropriate for the resource recovery, the
best known case being copper reach streams. Here we show some attractive results suggesting that the
recovery of aluminium, but also of manganese would be feasible practices for particular mine water
categories and for distinct utilizations: mine water treatment and high purity resource for metallurgy,
respectively.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0049
ECOLOGICAL PHYTOSTABILIZATION OF FLY ASH DUMPS WITH Salix spp. CROP

Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016, Sustainable environmental technologies simiecoind

Authors:
Valeria Nicorescu, Smaranda Masu, Ladislau Andres, Maria Popa
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Alternative energy sources
Ecological phytostabilization
Fly ash
Salix spp.
Abstract:
In this study, we followed a strategy for vegetation fly ash dumps. For this purpose Salix spp. was used.
This plant was chosen deliberately in order to form, in time, a stable and health ecosystem. The resulting
biomass can be used as a renewable energy source. The experiment was performed in situ, in a delimited
compartment, from a power plant fly ash dump. Salix spp. cultures were monitored for 18 months on soils
fertilized with 25 t/ha sewage sludge anaerobically stabilized. From experimental studies, it was found that
the species Salix. spp. developed similar to a culture performed on unpolluted land. In the Salix. spp.
burning strains ash, it was found no accumulation of Pb and Cd. Burning Salix spp. ash included Cr, Ni
and Cubetween 10 – 30 mg/kg dried matter; Mn and Fe between 178- 313 mg/kg dried matter. Thus, by
using species Salix spp. for phytostabilization, fly ash dumps can be made ecological, restoration of
ecosystems and landscape and obtaining alternative energy.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0005
BAT&SMART – RETHINKING THE SCOPE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Pollution assessment and management systems, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Cristian Teodorescu, Carol Blaziu Lehr, Anders Stolan
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Knowledge-based Development
Smart Communities
Sustainability
Abstract:
Industrial facilities must comply with the ever stricter resource management and environmental
regulations and the Best Available Techniques (BAT) documents are the reference for their
performance. Smart Cities represent a voluntary initiative directed to implement sustainable
development to human communities. The paper suggests that these two separate actions must
conjugate their efforts and achieve sustainability at an integrated level. BAT&SMART would
denote geographical, even trans-border areas where industrial development and human
communities collaborate for sustainability. Smart Cities should well perform along at least 6
main co-ordinates: smart governance, smart economy, smart living, smart people, smart
mobility and smart environment. At EU level, classifications since 2007 include several
Romanian cities (Sibiu, Timisoara, Craiova) but their position is at the very end of the list (73,
76, 77 of a 77 city sample). Driving forces for BAT&Smart Projects: poverty, limited resources,
environmental stress, social entropy. For industrial platforms adjacent to medium size cities
the problem is acute because of few alternatives to existing industry, interest of private persons
to replace the industry with profitable residential/commercial projects. Industry has the experts,
city administrations are politically motivated – the paper presents authors’ experience in
developing BAT&Smart elements and details how these should be put together in a Road
Map/Strategy by multidisciplinary teams applying the knowledge based development (BAT
industry AND smarter communities). An important side result could be an intricate symbiotic
relationship City-Industrial Platform that could prevent further destruction of the few industrial
facilities remaining in Romania, encouraging their revival.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0012
ANTIBIOTICS IMPLICATIONS ON THE OUTBREAK NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Alina Banciu, Liliana Daniela Niculescu, Mihai Nita-Lazar, Irina Lucaciu
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Nosocomial infections
Healthcare conditions
Abstract:
Nosocomial infections are those acquired in or associated with hospitals. They are also known
as hospital-acquired or healthcare-associated infectious.
The patients are exposed to a variety of microorganisms during hospitalization. Contact
between the patient and microorganism does not by itself necessarily result in the development
of clinical disease; other factors influence the nature and frequency of nosocomial infectious:
patient susceptibility, environmental conditions, bacterial resistance.
Many patients receive antimicrobial drugs. Through selection and exchange of genetic
resistance elements antibiotics promote the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. These
kinds of strains are spread in the hospital environment, from surfaces and water dispensers to
the wastewater from treatment plant. The bacteriological characteristics of water used in health
care institutions must meet local regulations, a special case being purified water.
Bacteriological tests may not always give true estimates of contaminations because of the
presence of disinfectants or antibiotic resistant microorganisms.
The aim of this paper was to control environmental risks for infection and to highlight the role
of antibiotic resistant bacteria from the environmental conditions of hospital in the outbreak
nosocomial infections.
In early 2016, it was started monitoring water quality in an emergency hospital, following an
agreement of collaboration. There were detected many bacterial strains potential implicated in
nosocomial infections: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus
mirabilis. Most of them were coliform bacteria with resistance to broad-spectrum antibiotics,
especially β-lactams.
Even if the results have considerably increased monitoring measures for disinfection and
sterilization used in the prevention program in the hospital, aims to complement the
surveillance program tests Sanitation.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0013
ASSESSMENT OF URBAN SOIL QUALITY IN MAJOR CITIES IN ROMANIA.CASE STUDIES

Pollution assessment and management systems, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Bogdan Stanescu, Lidia Kim, Adriana Cuciureanu,Carol Blaziu Lehr
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Assessment
Ecology
Soil protection
Urban soils
Abstract:
Studies conducted in major cities in Romania aimed to highlight the pollution of the topsoil
cover in urban areas. Urban areas in Romania have suffered in the past two decades major
changes, starting from the continued increase in urbanization, marked and development of
urban infrastructure, the emergence of the new neighborhoods areas, commercial and
residential areas, while reducing industrial activities or change of the industrial profile to
commercial activities. A special importance is atributted to the increase of road traffic in urban
areas and related issues linked to it, respectively fluency and pollution.
Programs, projects and measures that will be implemented in the coming years in urban areas
in Romania, will experience a significant development that will result in an increase in the
quality of life through an integrated approach to issues of the protection of the environment
and protecting soils from urban areas. Evaluation of soil quality in urban areas toghether with
a permanent monitoring creates prerequisites for a harmonious urban development based on
protection of the natural resources.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0001
APTASENSORS FOR EMERGING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Gaelle Catanante, Atul Sharma, Akhtar Hayat, Jean Louis Marty
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Antibiotic
Aptasensor
Biotoxin
Mycotoxin
Pathogen
Abstract:
With the increasing incidences of hazards to human health, agriculture and ecosystems, the regular monitoring of environmental contaminants such as toxins, pathogens, pharmaceuticals, resulting in various environmental borne diseases are highly recommended. As an example, according to World Health Organization (WHO), the increased mortality of food borne and waterborne diarrheal diseases resulting in 2.2 million deaths per annum, out of which mostly (1.9 million) are children’s. In the recent years, the stubbornly increasing public health problems and food contamination of environmental pollutants has increased the demands of designing and fabricating the more reliable and field suitable technologies for cost effective and on-site analysis. Recently, the advances in the nucleic acid research led to the identification of specific oligonucleotides acid sequences, which are highly specific to their cognate targets and known as “aptamers”. Aptamers as synthetic bio-recognition element can be in-vivo generated against a variety of analytes such as organic ions/protein/macromolecules with dissociation constants typically varying from the micro to pico-molar range. Recently, the aptamer have been widely exploited to develop the aptamer- based biosensors, commonly known as aptasensors. Aptasensors represents the novelty in the environmental and analytical science with their promising performance of high selectivity, sensitivity and stability over conventional analytical tools. In the present work, the aptasensors presented has focused on the recent advances in the development of aptamer based electrochemical or optical sensors for environmental applications with special emphasis on emerging pollutants described in the literature or develop in our laboratory BAE.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0002
ECO-INNOVATION, A BUSINESS APPROACH TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE PROCESSES, PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

Other environmental topics, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Aida Szilagyi, Andrei Churican, Anne Verniquet, David Rochat
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Business
Eco-innovation
Strategy
Sustainabilty
Abstract:
Eco-innovation has been widely accepted as a method for improving the performance of
enterprises and for supporting them to advance to more sustainable business models, as well
as a driver of business success and competitive advantage at the firm level.Implementing eco‐
innovation is a challenging process and will not be suitable for all organisations. Therefore
understanding barriers and drivers at the national and business level and main gaps in policy
and education could build a better picture of the context and conditions for eco-innovation in
Romania. The paper reflects existing opportunities in the country and demonstrates that ecoinnovation potential is important and needs to be addressed. Our research identified existing
premises and drivers for eco-innovation that could boost application of eco-innovation in
companies, entail policy changes, and boost cooperation between stakeholders from R&D,
academia, businesses, clusters and policy makers. The succes of eco-innovation depends on
the awareness that will be created among businesses through dissemination of strong
business cases, the adjustment of the policy framework that should stimulate and reward the
market for eco-innovative solutions and the capacity of experts to convince the companies’
management of the financial and environmental benefits of eco-innovation, to explain the need
for continuous application of eco-innovative strategies and how they can be mainstreamed in
the overall enterprise strategy and overall management. Through its objectives, the
ECOPartner project contributes to install a model of cooperation betwen main actors interested
in eco-innovation and build cooperation between the main stakeholders by initiating the
Romanian Eco-Innovation Network (RE-IN). The role of the RE-IN is to develop and strengthen
partnerships and to become the main partner in Romania for policy makers, businesses,
academia and experts with common interests in eco-innovation


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0015
ASSESSMENT OF METALLIC MOBILE FRACTION BIOAVAILABLE FROMDIFFERENT SEWAGE SLUDGE SAMPLES USING LEACHING TEST

Pollution assessment and management systems, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Nicoleta Mirela Marin, Marius Simion, Luoana Florentina Pascu
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Heavy metals
Mobile fraction
Sewage sludge
ICP-EOS
Abstract:
Analysis of metallic mobile fraction from sewage sludge wastewater treatment plants provides
very useful information about the possibility of metallic mobile forms to migrate on the
environment. Therefore, determination of total metallic mobile fraction, refers not only to
exchange fraction but also to bonded metals in sewage sludge structure which can usually be
removed with strong extractants. Together with leaching test are provided informations about
the bioavailability of toxic metals in normal environmental conditions. In this condition, for
assessing the risk of pollution induced by metals it is necessary to evaluate both, total and
mobile content available for environment. In this paper a leached extraction method according
to SR EN ISO 12457:2003 standard, that uses an extraction procedure (sludge-solution 1 -1 0
(m/v), 24 h, 40 rpm) was applied. As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se and Zn were detected in
extractible solution by ICP-EOS technique. The metals detected after leaching test were
compared with the values imposed by the current legislation and function of the results
obtained was indicated the possibility to storage the sludge as a non-hazardous waste or the
opportunity to use it as a fertilizer in agriculture.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0053
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN NOISE LEVEL AND MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS EMITTED BYVIBORACOUSTIC SOURCES

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Mihai Bratu, Ovidiu Vasile, Elena Bucur, Valeriu Danciulescu, Mihaela Petrescu
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Noise
Mechanical vibration
Acoustic power
Directivity factor
Abstract:
Economic development brings environmental concerns in general and in particular regarding the
protection against the aggression of external factors on humans, among which noise and
vibration. Noise is usually defined as a sound or the amount of unwanted sounds, a by-product
of daily activity. Environment vibrations that human body is exposed to may have different causes:
construction machinery, heavy equipment and electric hand tools. Whole human body vibrations
usually occur during transport, but can be found in other places in the course of industrial
processes. Regardless of industrial activity that cause them, vibrations acts on the human body
and this can cause discomfort to the operator. Wear of the components of industrial devices
influences both noise and mechanical vibration levels. The paper presents correlations occurring
between noise and mechanical vibrations emitted by the engine of a car depending on the number
of engine revs. For a broader characterization of emission, acoustic power and directivity factor
are calculated.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0058
THE DETERMINATION OF LEAD, CHROMIUM, ARSENIC AND SELENIUM IN SEDIMENTSAND SOIL SAMPLES BY ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRYUSING CHEMICAL MODIFIERS

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Violeta Dediu, Lidia Kim, Cristiana Cosma, Doina Guta
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Chemical modifiers
Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Sediment
Soil
Abstract:
The effectiveness of some chemical matrix modifiers for the determination of lead, chromium,
selenium and arsenic in sediments and soils by Zeeman electrothermal atomic absorption
spectrometry have been evaluated. The addition of certain chemical modifiers decreases the
volatility of the analyte element, preventing its loss during pyrolysis step while increasing the
volatility of matrix components promoting a better separation also allows a higher pretreatment
temperature for better separation between analyte and matrix. Pyrolysis and atomization
temperatures, characteristic masses and detection limits of analytes in dissolved samples with
and without modifiers have been compared. The method was validated by analysing certified
reference lake sediment and soil materials.


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16
Dec 2016
0

DOI:10.21698/simi.2016.0035
THE INFLUENCE OF AGRICULTURE ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GRAY SOILS FROM CENTRAL MOLDOVA

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2016, SIMI-2016 simiecoind

Authors:
Tamara Leah
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 13-14, 2016
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2016
Keywords:
Arable
Chemical composition
Gray soil
Moldova
Sesquioxides

Abstract:

As a result of agricultural use of forest gray soils as arable land, instead fallow horizon Ao and
partly horizons A1 and A2 are formed arable Ap horizon. Prolonged use of gray soils in
agriculture led to their degradation, manifested by decreasing of organic matter due to its
mechanical destruction of valuable agronomic structure in the soil tillage process. Gray forest
soils are characterized by a clear differentiation of total chemical composition in the genetic
horizons. The mineral part of typical gray soil is composed of silicates and sesquioxides. In the
composition of researched soils is predominate silica compounds (SiO2), which make up 70-
77%. In the arable gray soil the SiO2 content is higher by 3.56% in humiferous soil layer than
in virgin forest gray soil. The vertical distribution of SiO2 in the soil profile has an accumulative
characteristic in humiferous horizon and partial in the parental rock. Share of oxides of Mg, Ti,
S, P, K and Na constitute an insignificant part. According relatively content in the gray soils the
oxides are located: SiO2→ Al2O3→ Fe2O3→ K2O→ Na2O→ CaO→ MgO→ TiO2→ SO3→
MnO→ P2O5. Utilization of forest gray soil in agriculture led to changes in their chemical
composition in the upper humiferous horizon and intensification of eluvial process in them. To
improve fertility of arable gray soils is necessary to increase organic matter in arable layer, to
remediate structure and combat erosion process.

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25
Apr 2016
0

DOI: 10.21698/simi.2015.0020
Assessment of the potential ecological risk with heavy metals in surface s sediments from accumulation lakes on the sector inferior of the Olt River

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2015, SIMI-2015 simiecoind

Authors:
Iordache, Mihaela; Popescu, Luisa Roxana; Pascu, Luoana Florentina; Iordache, Ioan
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 29-30, 2015
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2015
Keywords:
Heavy metals
Surface sediment
Accumulation lakes
Potential ecological risk
Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to assess the heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risk in surface sediments from accumulation lakes on the sector inferior of the Olt River: Govora, Babeni-Marcea, Zavideni, Dragasani and Strejesti. Heavy metals are among the most persistent of pollutants in the ecosystem such as water, sediments and biota because of their resistance to decomposition in natural condition. Accumulation of heavy metals in the environment results primarily from human activity. In addition, an important role in the “enrichment” heavy metal reservoirs they have natural processes, such as the disintegration of rocks and volcanic activities. Sediment is the ultimate destination for heavy metals discharged into the environment. The main aspects of the present work are to: determine to content and spatial distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cr, Hg) in surface sediments from accumulation lakes on the sector inferior of the Olt River; calculating the pollution load index (PLI), the Nemerow pollution index (PI) and potential ecological risk (RI) in order to evaluate the potential ecological risk.


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25
Apr 2016
0

DOI: 10.21698/simi.2015.0025
Determination of formic and acetic acids in indoor air

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2015, SIMI-2015 simiecoind

Authors:
Diodiu, Raluca; Bucur, Elena
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 29-30, 2015
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2015
Keywords:
Acetic acid
Formic acid
Indoor air
Abstract:
A method for the determination of formic and acetic acids was realized and validated in this work. The separation of the two organic acids was optimized in 10 minutes on an IonPac AS-18 column coupled with precolumns, isocratic mode, 0.250ml/min flow and a mobile phase consisting in KOH 10mM. The quantification of the interested compounds was done by external standard. Then, the method was validated by analyzing selectivity, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, precision and accuracy. The validated method can be described as a simple and also low cost method for the determination of formic and acetic acid in air samplers.


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25
Apr 2016
0

DOI: 10.21698/simi.2015.0022
A new approach for the extraction of organic compounds from different types of contaminated waters and sewage sludge

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2015, SIMI-2015 simiecoind

Authors:
Niculae, Andrei
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 29-30, 2015
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2015
Keywords:
Liquid-liquid extraction
Soxhlet
Continuous extraction
Sewage sludge extraction
Ultrasonic extraction
Abstract:
Liquid-liquid extraction LLE, is one of the oldest separation techniques, with most used applications in analytical chemistry especially for contaminated waters. LLE extraction involves different distribution of chemical species between two immiscible liquid phases, depending on their physical-chemical properties. Other different extraction techniques used to remove organic compounds from contaminated water and sewage sludge can be enumerated: the following techniques: continuous liquid-liquid extraction, solid-liquid extraction, solid phase microextraction, accelerated solvent extraction, ultrasonic extraction and some correlated techniques. A new extraction technique partially based on the principle of continuous extraction with recirculation of the sample through a layer of solvent or mixture of solvents was developed in our analytical laboratory. The extraction method was verified by comparison with three classical techniques: liquid-liquid extraction, solid-liquid and ultrasonic extraction. The results have demonstrated the performance of this new extraction technique consisting in reduced time and costs for sample preparation and especially increased efficiency for extraction of organic compounds from sewage sludge.


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25
Apr 2016
0

DOI: 10.21698/simi.2015.0023
Research on the relationship between urban air pollution and noise levels in areas with heavy traffic

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2015, SIMI-2015 simiecoind

Authors:
Bratu, Mihai; Danciulescu, Valeriu; Bucur, Elena; Vasile, Andrei
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 29-30, 2015
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2015
Keywords:
Air pollution
Noise
Road traffic
Specific pollutants
Abstract:
Despite being a less frequently considered type of environmental pollution, noise has a major negative impact on the quality of life in cities. As seen by an extensive survey of environmental noise, the commonest sources of urban noise are known to be transport, industry. Although many different types of pollution may be expected to show correlations, only a number of studies have focused on examining the relationships between street noise and ambient air quality and their combined impacts on the surrounding environment. Environmental issues are extremely complex and cover all sectors: economic, social and political. Accelerated urbanization of modern cities produced an urban environmental pollution, so that air quality can be affected. The paper presents some preliminary studies regarding the correlation between noise pollution and the concentrations specific pollutants road traffic. The measurements have been conducted at different distances from some very busy roads and crossroads in order to determine a pattern. The data have been processed with a statistical analysis program in order to establish if the noise level can be used to assess the urban air pollution generated by traffic. Most of the results indicate a good correlation between noises, specific pollutants road traffic. Noise level can be a good indicator for air pollution, especially for the situation when there is no need of a precise determination.


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25
Apr 2016
0

DOI: 10.21698/simi.2015.0021
Occurrence of some pesticides in the dissolved water phase of the Danube River and its three major tributaries

Pollution control and monitoring, Proceedings Book SIMI 2015, SIMI-2015 simiecoind

Authors:
Iancu,Vasile Ion; Galaon, Toma; Petre, Jana; Cruceru, Liliana; Pascu, Luoana Florentina
Conference: International Symposium “The Environment and the Industry”
Date: October 29-30, 2015
Location: Bucharest, Romania
Published: 2015
Keywords:
Danube River
Pesticides
SPE-LC-MS/MS
Abstract:
Polar organic contaminants like organophosphate insecticides (fenthion, disulfoton, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, dimethoate, omethoate, demeton-s-methyl) and herbicide (bentazone) were analysed in the surface water of Danube River and its tributaries (Arges, Jiu and Olt). Analyses were performed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by triple-quadrupole liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The surface water samples were found to be contaminated by disulfoton over the admissible value (7.5 – 10.7 ng/l), demeton-s-methyl (4.67-19.8 ng/l), dimethoate (0.21-2.8 ng/l). The pesticides detected with the highest frequency were omethoate and bentazon in concentrations ranging from 6.5ng/l to 16 ng/l and from 0.34ng/l to 18.8 ng/l, respectively. The highest concentrations of pesticides were recorded in Danube River in Calafat sampling point: demeton-s-methyl 19.8 ng/l, omethoate 17 ng/l.


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