All posts by simiecoind

Abstract:

The article deals with the approaches for predicting the impact on the Atmospheric
Air component in the approved reports (Environmental Impact Assessment Reports
EIAR) for the expansion of active industrial sites on the territory of the Republic of
Bulgaria for the period 2013-2016. Different approaches used by independent
environment experts have been identified as incoming forecasting data – using
approved Inventory Methodologies, established emission limit values for the
respective production under regulatory acts etc.
The purpose of the study is to compare the different approaches for predicting the
impacts on the component Ambient air for a particular site and to draw a conclusion
on the approach with the least variance. The need for a single methodology for
assessing the Atmospheric Air component in the EIAR is reflecting the planned
investment – an extension of an existing site. This need is studied and commented in
the paper.

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Abstract:

After the Conference for Environment in Stockholm in 1972 and after the release in
the same year of the first report to the Club of Rome, „The Limits to Growth“, was
understood that the wish of increasing our life quality by using new technological
applications could have beside desired effects, also undesired ones. Worldwide
began debates on scientific, political and social levels in order to find solutions for
these problems. The concept of sustainable development, defined for the first time
1987 in the Brundtland Report, largely discussed 1992 during the so-called “Rio”-
Conference as well as 2012 during the “Rio+20”- Conference, was worldwide
accepted as a possible solution for the global complex ecological, economic and
social problems. On a local level best strategies have to be found for developing
sustainable cities as well as most appropriate assessment terms. Newly debated
strategies for sustainable urban development have at their base the concept of
“Decoupling” firstly developed 2013 in the Club of Rome. Using new transportation
possibilities, other than cars as well as rehabilitating residential urban buildings and
constructing green buildings are as well in the discussions. These aspects are related
to mindset changes and to a new type of education of the young generation, a socalled Holistic Education for Sustainable Development. Presently it is still not very
clear what a sustainable city should be and what components should be included,
getting a ”general methodology” for sustainable cities represents a big progress in
this field.

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Abstract:

This study present the results of the physico-chemical, microbiological and hydrochemical characterization obtained for the mineral water samples taken from 14 mineral springs located in the Buila-Vinturarita National Park area.
For this study, has been conducted three sampling campaigns, in November 2017, March 2018 and June 2018, for each mineral spring.
The physico-chemical quality indicators analyzed for each source were: pH, chlorides, sulfates, bicarbonates, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, total silica and sulfides and hydrogen sulfide. In parallel with the physico-chemical indicators, microbiological indicators were also determined, namely: total number of
bacteria at 22˚C, total number of bacteria at 37˚C, total coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli, enterococci and Pseudomona aeruginosa.
The results of the physico-chemical and microbiological analyzes obtained for the studied mineral springs were compared with the provisions of the Romanian legislation in force GD 1020/2005, which transposes into the national legislation the European Directive 2009/54 / EC.
Also in the present study, along with the physico-chemical and microbiological characterization of the mineral water samples, studies were carried out on the hydrochemical characterization of these springs. These hydrochemical characterization studies were done by plotting the “Piper Diagrams”. With the help of the Piper Diagrams, we could have a more detailed view of the mineral springs studied, from the analytical point of view and from the
point of view of the typology of these springs.

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Abstract:

The current study tackles the issue of excavating alluvial deposits in protected areas included in the Natura 2000 network, which was expanded in 2016 to 23% of
Romania’s territory. A significant percent of the Natura 2000 areas in Romania directly target or are connected to fluvial elements where machinery for alluvial deposits is used. The Natura 2000 ROSCI 0103 Lunca Buzaului following along the Buzau River had an initial length of 110 km and a surface of 6987 ha; subsequent to
the 2016 expansion it now has a length of 140 km and a surface of 9575 ha. In the studied area there are 62 perimeters leased for exploitation with a total area of
594.39 ha (6.2% of the site surface). For data analysis and management both GIS techniques and specific methods for interpreting remote sensing data were used.
For this study, the following resources are used: Pleiades panchromatic and multispectral images at 0.5 and 2 m spatial resolution, orthophotos at 2.5 m spatial
resolution, Digital Terrain Model (DTM) based on a 20m network. Thematic vectors: ROSCI 0103 limits, road network, geology. Data is processed and interpreted using specific software – ENVI EX for remote sensing data processing and QGIS for the development of the GIS database. Following the assessment, maps were drawn up highlighting the details of exploitations, the risk elements associated with the spatial-temporal evolution.
These are key elements in the process of assessing the environmental impact and the risk for the population in affected areas.

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Abstract:

According to European Commission studies, poor quality air causes the premature death of more people than the road accidents each year. Fine particulate matter (PM10) is mainly a result of human activities – transport, industry and domestic heating and causes respiratory problems, asthma, lung cancer and premature death. At present in Bulgaria, sources of pollution are mainly old cars and solid fuel stoves
used for domestic heating. The environmental situation can be improved by building more green areas. In cities it is difficult to separate areas where green areas are to be built. This problem can be solved by using the roofs of buildings. Many plant species are resistant to pollutants and have the property of purifying the air from them. Properly designed roof gardens and the appropriate choice of plant species
could significantly improve urban conditions.
The purpose of this article is to explore the possibilities for purification and improvement of air quality in urban zones using roofing landscaping. A study of literature on this problem has been made and presented in the paper. Also how to solve the problem with PM air pollution using green roofs in Bulgaria was commented. In the paper we estimate two simulations done by the software PLUME for annual average dust concentrations before and after construction of green roofs in the Industrial zone of the city of Ruse, Bulgaria. The maximum annual average concentration of dust after the building of green roofs is more than two times less
than the one without green roofs.

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Abstract:

Climatic changes represent one of the main preoccupations of our century – a complex domain in which the knowledge must be continuously improved and understood in order to efficiently approach the challenges from this field. Climatic
changes determined by a multitude of natural and anthropic causes (for example: atmospheric pollution, soil erosion, afforestation and field degradation) lead to an intensification of negative processes. Amongst these, we mention the intensification of climatic changes, the increase of afforestation surfaces, reducing biodiversity,
degrading soils and the apparition of desertification processes, as well as population migration, depletion of resources and the occurrence of social conflicts. On their own end, climatic changes induce an aggravation of abiotic and biotic threats posed on forests such as: fires, droughts, storms, atmospheric pollution, forest fragmentation as consequence of transport and infrastructure constructions etc. During the last couple of years, Romanian forests and fields destined for afforestation were negatively affected by: torrential phenomenon, landslides and river breaches, surface erosions, surface rocks, depth erosion, floods or freezing rain. Climate represents one of the main natural factors both in ensuring viticultural
growth and development conditions, as well as in establishing and scaling management works for peaks and irrigations. The main climatic and stress factors that have affected the viticultural ecosystem in the last period of time are: temperature, precipitations, atmospheric humidity, average global, active and useful temperatures, night humidity index and the Huglin index.

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